One of the early explorers of Optical Art (OpArt) Victor Vasarely delved into the world of optical illusions for most of his career, starting in the 1930s.
This large screenprint, 'Pava' uses circles and squares to create the illusion of a third dimension and relates to a series of works begun in the late 1960s he referred to as the 'Vega Series':
"In the Vega series we see some of the most advanced applications of Vasarely’s systematic approach to form and colour. The paintings are based on spherical distortions to a polychromatic grid. The surface appears to have been warped, giving the feeling of something trying either to break out or to recede back into the depths of the surface." http://www.op-art.co.uk/victor-vasarely/